國家級人體生物資料庫整合平台共同資料模式實作指引(NBCT Common Data Model IG)
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## Resource Profile: ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus - JSON Profile

Active as of 2024-09-01

JSON representation of the ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus resource profile.

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    {
      "resourceType" : "StructureDefinition",
      "id" : "ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus",
      "text" : {
        "status" : "extensions",
        "div" : "<div xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\"><p class=\"res-header-id\"><b>Generated Narrative: StructureDefinition ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus</b></p><a name=\"ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus\"> </a><a name=\"hcObservationCASERecurrenceStatus\"> </a><a name=\"ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-en-US\"> </a><table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana; vertical-align: top;\"><tr style=\"border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana; vertical-align: top\"><th style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a href=\"https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views\" title=\"The logical name of the element\">Name</a></th><th style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a href=\"https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views\" title=\"Information about the use of the element\">Flags</a></th><th style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a href=\"https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views\" title=\"Minimum and Maximum # of times the element can appear in the instance\">Card.</a></th><th style=\"width: 100px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a href=\"https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views\" title=\"Reference to the type of the element\">Type</a></th><th style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a href=\"https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views\" title=\"Additional information about the element\">Description &amp; Constraints</a><span style=\"float: right\"><a href=\"https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views\" title=\"Legend for this format\"><img src=\"data:image/png;base64, \" alt=\"doco\" style=\"background-color: inherit\"/></a></span></th></tr><tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck1.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_resource.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: white; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Resource\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation\">Observation</a><a name=\"Observation\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">0</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">..</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">*</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a href=\"StructureDefinition-Observationtwcore.html\">TWCoreObservation</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck11.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_reference.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Reference to another Resource\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.partOf\">partOf</a><a name=\"Observation.partOf\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">0</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">..</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">*</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/references.html\">Reference</a>(<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/medicationadministration.html\">MedicationAdministration</a> | <a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/medicationdispense.html\">MedicationDispense</a> | <a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/medicationstatement.html\">MedicationStatement</a> | <a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/immunization.html\">Immunization</a> | <a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/imagingstudy.html\">ImagingStudy</a> | <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ProcedureCASE.html\">Procedure CASE-追蹤方式</a>)</td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck100.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vline.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin_end.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: white; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.partOf.reference\">reference</a><a name=\"Observation.partOf.reference\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">1..<span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#string\">string</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">追蹤方式Resource Link</td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.status\">status</a><a name=\"Observation.status\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">..</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#code\">code</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended +</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck11.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: white; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.code\">code</a><a name=\"Observation.code\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">..</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/0.3.1/StructureDefinition-CodeableConcept-tw.html\" title=\"CodeableConcept\">CodeableConceptTW</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck101.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vline.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin_end.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.code.coding\">coding</a><a name=\"Observation.code.coding\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">1..<span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">*</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/0.3.1/StructureDefinition-Coding-tw.html\" title=\"Coding\">CodingTW</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck1010.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vline.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: white; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.code.coding.system\">system</a><a name=\"Observation.code.coding.system\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">1..<span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#uri\">uri</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別</span><br/><span style=\"font-weight:bold\">Fixed Value: </span><span style=\"color: darkgreen\">http://loinc.org</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck1000.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vline.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin_end.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.code.coding.code\">code</a><a name=\"Observation.code.coding.code\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">1..<span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#code\">code</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">系統定義的語法之符號</span><br/><span style=\"font-weight:bold\">Fixed Value: </span><span style=\"color: darkgreen\">59557-9</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck11.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_reference.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: white; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Reference to another Resource\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.subject\">subject</a><a name=\"Observation.subject\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">..</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/references.html\">Reference</a>(<a href=\"StructureDefinition-PatientCDM.html\">Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料</a>)</td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck100.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vline.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin_end.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.subject.reference\">reference</a><a name=\"Observation.subject.reference\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">1..<span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#string\">string</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">患者Resource Link</td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck03.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin_end.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_slice.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: white; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Slice Definition\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a style=\"font-style: italic\" href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.value[x]\">Slices for value[x]</a><a name=\"Observation.value_x_\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"font-style: italic\"/><span style=\"font-style: italic\">1</span><span style=\"font-style: italic\">..</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5; font-style: italic\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5; font-style: italic\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#CodeableConcept\">CodeableConcept</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5; font-style: italic\">檢驗檢查的實際結果</span><br style=\"font-style: italic\"/><span style=\"font-weight:bold; font-style: italic\">Slice: </span><span style=\"font-style: italic\">Unordered, Open by type:$this</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck025.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin_end_slicer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_slice_item.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Slice Item\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept\" title=\"Slice valueCodeableConcept\">value[x]:valueCodeableConcept</a><a name=\"Observation.value_x_.2\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">1..<span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#CodeableConcept\">CodeableConcept</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">檢驗檢查的實際結果</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck0251.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin_slice.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: white; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding\">coding</a><a name=\"Observation.value_x_.coding\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">1..1</td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#Coding\">Coding</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">Code defined by a terminology system</span><br/><span style=\"font-weight:bold\">Binding: </span><a href=\"ValueSet-RecurrenceStatus.html\" title=\"https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/ValueSet/RecurrenceStatus\">復發狀態值集</a> (<a href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/terminologies.html#required\" title=\"To be conformant, the concept in this element SHALL be from the specified value set.\">required</a>): 復發狀態；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。<br/><br/></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck02510.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vline_slice.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.system\">system</a><a name=\"Observation.value_x_.coding.system\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">1..<span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#uri\">uri</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">Identity of the terminology system</span></td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck02500.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vline_slice.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin_end.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: white; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.code\">code</a><a name=\"Observation.value_x_.coding.code\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">1..<span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#code\">code</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">復發狀態。[CASE.m5]</td></tr>\r\n<tr style=\"border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7\"><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck0240.png)\" class=\"hierarchy\"><img src=\"tbl_spacer.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_blank.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"tbl_vjoin_end_slice.png\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: inherit\" class=\"hierarchy\"/><img src=\"icon_element.gif\" alt=\".\" style=\"background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit\" title=\"Element\" class=\"hierarchy\"/> <a href=\"StructureDefinition-ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus-definitions.html#Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.text\">text</a><a name=\"Observation.value_x_.text\"> </a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red\" title=\"This element must be supported\">S</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">0</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">..</span><span style=\"opacity: 0.5\">1</span></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\"><a style=\"opacity: 0.5\" href=\"http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/datatypes.html#string\">string</a></td><td style=\"vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px\" class=\"hierarchy\">復發狀態。[CASE.m5]</td></tr>\r\n<tr><td colspan=\"5\" class=\"hierarchy\"><br/><a href=\"https://build.fhir.org/ig/FHIR/ig-guidance/readingIgs.html#table-views\" title=\"Legend for this format\"><img src=\"data:image/png;base64, \" alt=\"doco\" style=\"background-color: inherit\"/> Documentation for this format</a></td></tr></table></div>"
      },
      "url" : "https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus",
      "version" : "0.1.0",
      "name" : "ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus",
      "title" : "Observation CASE-復發狀態",
      "status" : "active",
      "date" : "2024-09-01",
      "publisher" : "國家級人體生物資料庫整合平台",
      "contact" : [
        {
          "telecom" : [
            {
              "system" : "url",
              "value" : "https://ghd.tw/"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "description" : "用於描述癌症個案管理追蹤資料檔(CASE)之復發狀態",
      "fhirVersion" : "4.0.1",
      "mapping" : [
        {
          "identity" : "workflow",
          "uri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/workflow",
          "name" : "Workflow Pattern"
        },
        {
          "identity" : "sct-concept",
          "uri" : "http://snomed.info/conceptdomain",
          "name" : "SNOMED CT Concept Domain Binding"
        },
        {
          "identity" : "v2",
          "uri" : "http://hl7.org/v2",
          "name" : "HL7 v2 Mapping"
        },
        {
          "identity" : "rim",
          "uri" : "http://hl7.org/v3",
          "name" : "RIM Mapping"
        },
        {
          "identity" : "w5",
          "uri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/fivews",
          "name" : "FiveWs Pattern Mapping"
        },
        {
          "identity" : "sct-attr",
          "uri" : "http://snomed.org/attributebinding",
          "name" : "SNOMED CT Attribute Binding"
        }
      ],
      "kind" : "resource",
      "abstract" : false,
      "type" : "Observation",
      "baseDefinition" : "https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observationtwcore",
      "derivation" : "constraint",
      "snapshot" : {
        "element" : [
          {
            "id" : "Observation",
            "path" : "Observation",
            "short" : "檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。",
            "definition" : "對病人、設備或其他對象進行的測量和簡單判定。",
            "comment" : "Used for simple observations such as device measurements, laboratory atomic results, vital signs, height, weight, smoking status, comments, etc.  Other resources are used to provide context for observations such as laboratory reports, etc.",
            "alias" : [
              "Vital Signs",
              "Measurement",
              "Results",
              "Tests"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "dom-2",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources",
                "expression" : "contained.contained.empty()",
                "xpath" : "not(parent::f:contained and f:contained)",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
              },
              {
                "key" : "dom-3",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource",
                "expression" : "contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()",
                "xpath" : "not(exists(for $id in f:contained/*/f:id/@value return $contained[not(parent::*/descendant::f:reference/@value=concat('#', $contained/*/id/@value) or descendant::f:reference[@value='#'])]))",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
              },
              {
                "key" : "dom-4",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated",
                "expression" : "contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()",
                "xpath" : "not(exists(f:contained/*/f:meta/f:versionId)) and not(exists(f:contained/*/f:meta/f:lastUpdated))",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
              },
              {
                "key" : "dom-5",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label",
                "expression" : "contained.meta.security.empty()",
                "xpath" : "not(exists(f:contained/*/f:meta/f:security))",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
              },
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bestpractice",
                    "valueBoolean" : true
                  },
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bestpractice-explanation",
                    "valueMarkdown" : "When a resource has no narrative, only systems that fully understand the data can display the resource to a human safely. Including a human readable representation in the resource makes for a much more robust eco-system and cheaper handling of resources by intermediary systems. Some ecosystems restrict distribution of resources to only those systems that do fully understand the resources, and as a consequence implementers may believe that the narrative is superfluous. However experience shows that such eco-systems often open up to new participants over time."
                  }
                ],
                "key" : "dom-6",
                "severity" : "warning",
                "human" : "A resource should have narrative for robust management",
                "expression" : "text.`div`.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:text/h:div)",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
              },
              {
                "key" : "obs-6",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present",
                "expression" : "dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()",
                "xpath" : "not(exists(f:dataAbsentReason)) or (not(exists(*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])))",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation"
              },
              {
                "key" : "obs-7",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present",
                "expression" : "value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()",
                "xpath" : "not(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')] and (for $coding in f:code/f:coding return f:component/f:code/f:coding[f:code/@value=$coding/f:code/@value] [f:system/@value=$coding/f:system/@value]))",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "Entity. Role, or Act"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "workflow",
                "map" : "Event"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "sct-concept",
                "map" : "< 363787002 |Observable entity|"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "Observation[classCode=OBS, moodCode=EVN]"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.id",
            "path" : "Observation.id",
            "short" : "不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。",
            "definition" : "resource的邏輯ID，在resource的URL中使用。一旦指定，這個值永遠不會改變。",
            "comment" : "一個resource使用新增操作（create operation）提交給伺服器時是此resource唯一沒有id的時刻",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Resource.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "id"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.meta",
            "path" : "Observation.meta",
            "short" : "此Observation Resource的metadata",
            "definition" : "關於resource的metadata。這是由基礎建設維護的內容。對內容的改變可能並不總是與resource的版本改變相關。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Resource.meta",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Meta"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.implicitRules",
            "path" : "Observation.implicitRules",
            "short" : "創建此內容所依據的一組規則",
            "definition" : "構建resource時遵循的一系列規則的參照，在處理內容時必須理解這些規則。通常這是IG定義特殊規則及其他profiles的參照。",
            "comment" : "宣告這套規則限制了內容只能被有限的貿易夥伴所理解。這從本質上限制了資料的長期有用性。然而，現有的健康生態體系高度分裂，還沒有準備好以普遍可計算的方式定義、收集和交換資料。只要有可能，實作者和／或規範編寫者應該避免使用這個資料項目。通常，在使用時，此URL是對實作指引的參照，此指引將這些特殊規則與其他profiles、value sets等一起定義為其敘述的一部分。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Resource.implicitRules",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "uri"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : true,
            "isModifierReason" : "This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation",
            "isSummary" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.language",
            "path" : "Observation.language",
            "short" : "用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言",
            "definition" : "編寫此resource的基礎語言",
            "comment" : "提供語言是為了支援索引和可存取性（通常，文字表述轉語音等服務使用此語言標籤）。html lanuage tag適用於此敘述。resource上的語言標籤可用於指定從resource中的資料所產成的其他表述之語言。不是所有的內容都必須使用此基礎語言。不應該假定Resource.language自動適用於敘述。如果指定語言，它也應該被指定在html中的div元素（關於xml:lang和html lang屬性之間的關係，見HTML5中的規則）。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Resource.language",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "code"
              }
            ],
            "example" : [
              {
                "label" : "Value",
                "valueCode" : "zh-TW"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "preferred",
              "description" : "人類語言；鼓勵使用[CommonLanguages](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-languages.html)代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages"
            }
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.text",
            "path" : "Observation.text",
            "short" : "Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀",
            "definition" : "人可讀的敘述，包含resource的摘要，可用於向人表述resource的內容。敘述不需要對所有的結構化資料進行編碼，但需要包含足夠的細節使人在閱讀敘述時理解「臨床安全性」。resource定義可定義哪些內容應該在敘述中表示，以確保臨床安全。",
            "comment" : "內嵌（contained）的resource沒有敘述，非內嵌（contained）的resource則 **建議應該（SHOULD）** 有敘述。在某些情況下，resource可能只有文字表述，很少或沒有額外的離散資料（只要滿足所有minOccurs=1的資料項目）。這對於來自舊有系統的資料可能是必要的，在這些系統中，從 「文字表述區塊（text blob） 」獲取訊息，或者文字表述是額外的原始輸入或敘述，而編碼訊息是後來添加的。",
            "alias" : [
              "narrative",
              "html",
              "xhtml",
              "display"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "DomainResource.text",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Narrative"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "Act.text?"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.contained",
            "path" : "Observation.contained",
            "short" : "內嵌的（contained）、行內的Resources",
            "definition" : "這些resource內嵌（contains）的resource不會另外存於任何FHIR伺服器，意即它們無法在任何FHIR伺服器中被找到，也無法有自己獨立的資料異動／交易（transaction）範圍。",
            "comment" : "當內容可以從任何FHIR伺服器找到時，不應該以內嵌（contained）resource的方式呈現，因為一旦識別丟失，要再次恢復它是非常困難的（並且取決於情境）。內嵌（contained）的resource可在它們的meta資料項目中表述profiles和tag（標籤），但 **必須沒有（SHALL NOT）** 資訊安全標號（security labels）。",
            "alias" : [
              "inline resources",
              "anonymous resources",
              "contained resources"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "DomainResource.contained",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Resource"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.extension",
            "short" : "Additional content defined by implementations",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "DomainResource.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.modifierExtension",
            "path" : "Observation.modifierExtension",
            "short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "requirements" : "Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/extensibility.html#modifierExtension).",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "DomainResource.modifierExtension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : true,
            "isModifierReason" : "Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them",
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.identifier",
            "path" : "Observation.identifier",
            "short" : "檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。",
            "definition" : "此檢驗檢查的唯一識別碼",
            "requirements" : "允許對檢驗檢查結果進行區分和參照",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.identifier",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Identifier"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "workflow",
                "map" : "Event.identifier"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.identifier"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX.21  For OBX segments from systems without OBX-21 support a combination of ORC/OBR and OBX must be negotiated between trading partners to uniquely identify the OBX segment. Depending on how V2 has been implemented each of these may be an option: 1) OBR-3 + OBX-3 + OBX-4 or 2) OBR-3 + OBR-4 + OBX-3 + OBX-4 or 2) some other way to uniquely ID the OBR/ORC + OBX-3 + OBX-4."
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "id"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.basedOn",
            "path" : "Observation.basedOn",
            "short" : "依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令",
            "definition" : "依據的計劃、提議或醫令或其部分要求進行檢驗檢查。例如：一個MedicationRequest可能要求給病人藥之前要先進行實驗室檢查。",
            "requirements" : "允許授權追踪檢驗檢查事件並追踪提議／建議是否有落實",
            "alias" : [
              "Fulfills"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.basedOn",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/CarePlan"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceRequest"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ImmunizationRecommendation"🔗 ,
                  "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/MedicationRequest-twcore"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/NutritionOrder"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ServiceRequest"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "workflow",
                "map" : "Event.basedOn"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "ORC"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : ".inboundRelationship[typeCode=COMP].source[moodCode=EVN]"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.partOf",
            "path" : "Observation.partOf",
            "short" : "此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分",
            "definition" : "此特定的檢驗檢查（Observation）是一個更大事件中的一個組成或步驟。例如：一項處置裡的一項檢驗檢查。",
            "comment" : "使用encounter將一個檢驗檢查（Observation）與一個就醫（Encounter）連結起來。關於參照另一個Observation的作法，請參閱下面的Notes小節。",
            "alias" : [
              "Container"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.partOf",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MedicationAdministration"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MedicationDispense"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MedicationStatement"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Immunization"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ImagingStudy"🔗 ,
                  "https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/ProcedureCASE"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "workflow",
                "map" : "Event.partOf"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "Varies by domain"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : ".outboundRelationship[typeCode=FLFS].target"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.partOf.id",
            "path" : "Observation.partOf.id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
            "definition" : "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.partOf.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.partOf.extension",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "value",
                  "path" : "url"
                }
              ],
              "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
              "rules" : "open"
            },
            "short" : "Additional content defined by implementations",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.partOf.reference",
            "path" : "Observation.partOf.reference",
            "short" : "追蹤方式Resource Link",
            "definition" : "A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.",
            "comment" : "Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries.   Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure \"/[type]/[id]\" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Reference.reference",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ref-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.partOf.type",
            "path" : "Observation.partOf.type",
            "short" : "Type the reference refers to (e.g. \"Patient\")",
            "definition" : "The expected type of the target of the reference. If both Reference.type and Reference.reference are populated and Reference.reference is a FHIR URL, both SHALL be consistent.\n\nThe type is the Canonical URL of Resource Definition that is the type this reference refers to. References are URLs that are relative to http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ e.g. \"Patient\" is a reference to http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient. Absolute URLs are only allowed for logical models (and can only be used in references in logical models, not resources).",
            "comment" : "This element is used to indicate the type of  the target of the reference. This may be used which ever of the other elements are populated (or not). In some cases, the type of the target may be determined by inspection of the reference (e.g. a RESTful URL) or by resolving the target of the reference; if both the type and a reference is provided, the reference SHALL resolve to a resource of the same type as that specified.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Reference.type",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "uri"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "binding" : {
              "extension" : [
                {
                  "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                  "valueString" : "FHIRResourceTypeExt"
                }
              ],
              "strength" : "extensible",
              "description" : "Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.partOf.identifier",
            "path" : "Observation.partOf.identifier",
            "short" : "Logical reference, when literal reference is not known",
            "definition" : "An identifier for the target resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity it represents is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.",
            "comment" : "When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy. \n\nWhen both an identifier and a literal reference are provided, the literal reference is preferred. Applications processing the resource are allowed - but not required - to check that the identifier matches the literal reference\n\nApplications converting a logical reference to a literal reference may choose to leave the logical reference present, or remove it.\n\nReference is intended to point to a structure that can potentially be expressed as a FHIR resource, though there is no need for it to exist as an actual FHIR resource instance - except in as much as an application wishes to actual find the target of the reference. The content referred to be the identifier must meet the logical constraints implied by any limitations on what resource types are permitted for the reference.  For example, it would not be legitimate to send the identifier for a drug prescription if the type were Reference(Observation|DiagnosticReport).  One of the use-cases for Reference.identifier is the situation where no FHIR representation exists (where the type is Reference (Any).",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Reference.identifier",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Identifier"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : ".identifier"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.partOf.display",
            "extension" : [
              {
                "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
                "valueBoolean" : true
              }
            ],
            "path" : "Observation.partOf.display",
            "short" : "Text alternative for the resource",
            "definition" : "Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.",
            "comment" : "This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource.  The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Reference.display",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.status",
            "extension" : [
              {
                "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-display-hint",
                "valueString" : "default: final"
              }
            ],
            "path" : "Observation.status",
            "short" : "registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended +",
            "definition" : "結果值的狀態",
            "comment" : "這個資料項目被標記為修飾語／修飾用，因為附加到其他文件上的文件，其本身是不完整的文件。",
            "requirements" : "需要追踪單個結果狀態，有些結果在整個報告確定之前就已經確定了。",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.status",
              "min" : 1,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "code"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : true,
            "isModifierReason" : "This element is labeled as a modifier because it is a status element that contains status entered-in-error which means that the resource should not be treated as valid",
            "isSummary" : true,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "required",
              "description" : "檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入[ObservationStatus](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-observation-status.html)代碼表中的其中一個代碼。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "workflow",
                "map" : "Event.status"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.status"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "sct-concept",
                "map" : "< 445584004 |Report by finality status|"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX-11"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "status  Amended & Final are differentiated by whether it is the subject of a ControlAct event with a type of \"revise\""
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category",
            "path" : "Observation.category",
            "short" : "檢驗檢查分類",
            "definition" : "可以正式參照一個專門術語或本體論來定義一個概念，或者也可以文字表述此概念。",
            "comment" : "並非所有的專門術語使用都符合這個一般模式。在某些情況下，資料模型不應該使用CodeableConcept而應直接使用Coding，並提供他們自己的結構來管理text、codings、translation、資料項目之間的關係、以及先組合配對／前組合式（pre-coordination）和後組合配對／後組合式（post-coordination）。",
            "requirements" : "用於篩選取得及顯示之檢驗檢查",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.category",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "preferred",
              "description" : "高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用[ObservationCategoryCodes](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-observation-category.html)代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.id",
            "path" : "Observation.category.id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。",
            "definition" : "resource中資料項目的唯一ID（用於內部參照）。這可以是任何不含空格的字串。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.category.extension",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "value",
                  "path" : "url"
                }
              ],
              "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
              "rules" : "open"
            },
            "short" : "擴充的資料項目",
            "definition" : "擴充的資料項目",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.coding",
            "path" : "Observation.category.coding",
            "short" : "由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼",
            "definition" : "由專門術語系統（terminology system）所定義之代碼的參照。",
            "comment" : "代碼可以在列舉清單（enumerations）或代碼清單（code lists）中非常隨意地定義，直至有非常正式的定義，如SNOMED CT—更多資訊見HL7 v3核心原則（Core Principles ）。編碼的排序是未定義的因而 **必須沒有（SHALL NOT）** 被用來推斷意義。一般來說，最多只有一個編碼值（coding values）會被標記為UserSelected = true。",
            "requirements" : "允許使用者在不知道識別碼系統的情況下利用識別碼",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "CodeableConcept.coding",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Coding",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Coding-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE subset one of the sets of component 1-3 or 4-6"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CV"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding rdfs:subClassOf dt:CDCoding"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.coding.id",
            "path" : "Observation.category.coding.id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。",
            "definition" : "resource中資料項目的唯一ID（用於內部參照）。這可以是任何不含空格的字串。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.coding.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.category.coding.extension",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "value",
                  "path" : "url"
                }
              ],
              "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
              "rules" : "open"
            },
            "short" : "擴充的資料項目",
            "definition" : "可用於表示不屬於此資料項目基本定義的附加資訊。為了擴充的使用安全和可管理，對擴充的定義和使用有一套嚴格的管理。儘管任何實作者都可以定義一個擴充，但作為擴充定義的一部分，有一套要求 **必須（SHALL）** 滿足。",
            "comment" : "無論使用或定義擴充的機構或管轄區，任何應用程式、專案或標準使用擴充都不背負任何污名（stigma）。使用擴充是允許FHIR規範為每個人保留一個核心的簡易性。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.coding.system",
            "path" : "Observation.category.coding.system",
            "short" : "專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別",
            "definition" : "定義代碼中符號意義的代碼系統識別。",
            "comment" : "URI可以是一個OID（urn:oid:...）或一個UUID（urn:uuid:...）；OID和UUID **必須（SHALL）** 參照HL7 OID註冊中心；否則，URI應該來自HL7的FHIR定義的特殊URI列表，或者它應該參照一些明確建立的系统定義。",
            "requirements" : "需要明確說明符號定義的來源",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.system",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "uri"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.3"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./codeSystem"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.system rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystem"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.coding.version",
            "path" : "Observation.category.coding.version",
            "short" : "系統的版本—如果相關的話",
            "definition" : "選擇此代碼時使用的代碼系統版本；請注意，一個維護良好的代碼系統不需要版本報告，因為代碼的意義在不同系統版本中是一致的；然而，不能始終保證這點，當不能保證意義一致時， **必須（SHALL）** 將版本資訊也一併作交換。",
            "comment" : "如果專門術語沒有明確定義應該使用什麼字串來識別代碼系統的版本，建議使用版本正式發布的日期（用FHIR日期格式表示）作為版本日期。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.version",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.7"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./codeSystemVersion"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.version rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystemVersion"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.coding.code",
            "path" : "Observation.category.coding.code",
            "short" : "系統定義的語法之符號",
            "definition" : "系統定義的語法之符號；符號可能是一個預先定義的代碼，也可能是代碼系統定義的語法中的表達式（如後組合配對／後組合式）。",
            "requirements" : "需要參照系統中的一個特定代碼",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.code",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "code"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.1"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./code"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.code rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.code"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.coding.display",
            "extension" : [
              {
                "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
                "valueBoolean" : true
              }
            ],
            "path" : "Observation.category.coding.display",
            "short" : "由系統定義的表示法",
            "definition" : "遵循系統的規則以呈現代碼含義的表示法",
            "requirements" : "需要能為不了解此系統的讀者呈現可讀的代碼含義",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.display",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.2 - but note this is not well followed"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CV.displayName"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.display rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.displayName"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.coding.userSelected",
            "path" : "Observation.category.coding.userSelected",
            "short" : "此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？",
            "definition" : "表明此編碼是由使用者直接選擇，例如：從可用項目（代碼或顯示名稱）的清單中選擇。",
            "comment" : "在一系列備選方案中，直接選擇的代碼是新翻譯最合適的起點；關於「直接選擇」的確切意義，存在模糊不清之處，可能需要貿易夥伴的同意，以更完整澄清此資料項目的使用及其後果。",
            "requirements" : "已被確定為一個臨床安全準則—此確切的系統／代碼對(code pair)是被明確選擇的，而不是由系統根據一些規則或是程式語言處理判斷。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.userSelected",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "boolean"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "Sometimes implied by being first"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD.codingRationale"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:mapsTo dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:hasMap fhir:Coding.userSelected.map. fhir:Coding.userSelected.map a fhir:Map;   fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected\\#true a [     fhir:source \"true\";     fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale\\#O   ]"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.category.text",
            "extension" : [
              {
                "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
                "valueBoolean" : true
              }
            ],
            "path" : "Observation.category.text",
            "short" : "概念的文字表示法",
            "definition" : "輸入資料的使用者所見／所選／所說的人類可讀文字表述，和（或）其代表使用者的預期含義。",
            "comment" : "很多時候，此文字表述與其中一個代碼的顯示名稱相同。",
            "requirements" : "專門術語中的代碼並不總是能捕捉人類使用的細微差別的正確意義，或者根本就沒有合適的代碼；這些情況下，文字表述被用來捕捉來源的全部意義。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "CodeableConcept.text",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.9. But note many systems use C*E.2 for this"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./originalText[mediaType/code=\"text/plain\"]/data"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept.text rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.originalText"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code",
            "path" : "Observation.code",
            "short" : "概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。",
            "definition" : "可以透過正式參照一個專門術語或本體論來定義一個概念，或者也可以文字表述此概念。",
            "comment" : "並非所有的專門術語使用都符合這個一般模式。在某些情況下，資料模型不應該使用CodeableConcept而應直接使用Coding，並提供他們自己的結構來管理text、codings、translation、資料項目之間的關係、以及先組合配對／前組合式（pre-coordination）和後組合配對／後組合式（post-coordination）。",
            "requirements" : "知道正在進行的是哪種檢驗檢查是理解檢驗檢查的關鍵",
            "alias" : [
              "Name"
            ],
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.code",
              "min" : 1,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "example",
              "description" : "應填入[生命體徵值集](https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet-vital-signs-tw.html)代碼表中的其中一個代碼。",
              "valueSet" : "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.id",
            "path" : "Observation.code.id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。",
            "definition" : "resource中資料項目的唯一ID（用於內部參照）。這可以是任何不含空格的字串。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.code.extension",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "value",
                  "path" : "url"
                }
              ],
              "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
              "rules" : "open"
            },
            "short" : "擴充的資料項目",
            "definition" : "擴充的資料項目",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding",
            "short" : "由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼",
            "definition" : "由專門術語系統（terminology system）所定義之代碼的參照",
            "comment" : "代碼可以在列舉清單（enumerations）或代碼清單（code lists）中非常隨意地定義，直至有非常正式的定義，例如：SNOMED CT—更多資訊見HL7 v3核心原則（Core Principles ）。編碼的排序是未定義的因而 **必須沒有（SHALL NOT）** 被用來推斷意義。一般來說，最多只有一個編碼值（coding values）會被標記為UserSelected = true。",
            "requirements" : "允許代碼系統中的替代編碼，以及翻譯到其他編碼系統。",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "CodeableConcept.coding",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Coding",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Coding-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE subset one of the sets of component 1-3 or 4-6"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CV"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding rdfs:subClassOf dt:CDCoding"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding.id",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding.id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。",
            "definition" : "resource中資料項目的唯一ID（用於內部參照），這可以是任何不含空格的字串。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding.extension",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "value",
                  "path" : "url"
                }
              ],
              "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
              "rules" : "open"
            },
            "short" : "擴充的資料項目",
            "definition" : "可用於表示不屬於此資料項目基本定義的附加資訊。為了擴充的使用安全和可管理，對擴充的定義和使用有一套嚴格的管理。儘管任何實作者都可以定義一個擴充，但作為擴充定義的一部分，有一套要求 **必須（SHALL）** 滿足。",
            "comment" : "無論使用或定義擴充的機構或管轄區，任何應用程式、專案或標準使用擴充都不背負任何污名（stigma）。使用擴充是允許FHIR規範為每個人保留一個核心的簡易性。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding.system",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding.system",
            "short" : "專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別",
            "definition" : "定義代碼中符號意義的代碼系統識別",
            "comment" : "URI可以是一個OID（urn:oid:...）或一個UUID（urn:uuid:...）；OID和UUID **必須（SHALL）** 參照HL7 OID註冊中心；否則，URI應該來自HL7的FHIR定義的特殊URI列表，或者它應該參照一些明確建立的系统定義。",
            "requirements" : "需要明確說明符號定義的來源",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.system",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "uri"
              }
            ],
            "fixedUri" : "http://loinc.org",
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.3"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./codeSystem"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.system rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystem"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding.version",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding.version",
            "short" : "系統的版本—如果相關的話",
            "definition" : "選擇此代碼時使用的代碼系統版本；請注意，一個維護良好的代碼系統不需要版本報告，因為代碼的意義在不同系統版本中是一致的；然而，不能始終保證這點，當不能保證意義一致時， **必須（SHALL）** 將版本資訊也一併作交換。",
            "comment" : "如果專門術語沒有明確定義應該使用什麼字串來識別代碼系統的版本，建議使用版本正式發布的日期（用FHIR日期格式表示）作為版本日期。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.version",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.7"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./codeSystemVersion"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.version rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystemVersion"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding.code",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding.code",
            "short" : "系統定義的語法之符號",
            "definition" : "系統定義的語法之符號；符號可能是一個預先定義的代碼，也可能是代碼系統定義的語法中的表達式（如後組合配對／後組合式）。",
            "requirements" : "需要參照系統中的一個特定代碼",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.code",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "code"
              }
            ],
            "fixedCode" : "59557-9",
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.1"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./code"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.code rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.code"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding.display",
            "extension" : [
              {
                "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
                "valueBoolean" : true
              }
            ],
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding.display",
            "short" : "由系統定義的表示法",
            "definition" : "遵循系統的規則以呈現代碼含義的表示法",
            "requirements" : "需要能為不了解此系統的讀者呈現可讀的代碼含義",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.display",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.2 - but note this is not well followed"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CV.displayName"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.display rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.displayName"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding.userSelected",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding.userSelected",
            "short" : "此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？",
            "definition" : "表明此編碼是由使用者直接選擇，例如：從可用項目（代碼或顯示名稱）的清單中選擇。",
            "comment" : "在一系列備選方案中，直接選擇的代碼是新翻譯最合適的起點；關於「直接選擇」的確切意義，存在模糊不清之處，可能需要貿易夥伴的同意，以更完整澄清此資料項目的使用及其後果。",
            "requirements" : "已被確定為一個臨床安全準則—此確切的系統／代碼對(code pair)是被明確選擇的，而不是由系統根據一些規則或是程式語言處理判斷。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.userSelected",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "boolean"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "Sometimes implied by being first"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD.codingRationale"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:mapsTo dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:hasMap fhir:Coding.userSelected.map. fhir:Coding.userSelected.map a fhir:Map;   fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected\\#true a [     fhir:source \"true\";     fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale\\#O   ]"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.text",
            "extension" : [
              {
                "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
                "valueBoolean" : true
              }
            ],
            "path" : "Observation.code.text",
            "short" : "概念的文字表示法",
            "definition" : "輸入資料的使用者所見／所選／所說的人類可讀文字表述，和（或）其代表使用者的預期含義。",
            "comment" : "很多時候，此文字表述與其中一個代碼的顯示名稱相同。",
            "requirements" : "專門術語中的代碼並不總是能捕捉人類使用的細微差別的正確意義，或者根本就沒有合適的代碼；這些情況下，文字表述被用來捕捉來源的全部意義。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "CodeableConcept.text",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.9. But note many systems use C*E.2 for this"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./originalText[mediaType/code=\"text/plain\"]/data"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept.text rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.originalText"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.subject",
            "path" : "Observation.subject",
            "short" : "檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物",
            "definition" : "此檢驗檢查是關於一位病人、一群病人、地點、或設備。如果檢驗檢查的實際焦點與對象（或其樣本、其部分或其區域）不同，則焦點資料項目或代碼本身會具體說明檢驗檢查的實際焦點。",
            "comment" : "人們期望這個資料項目的cardinality為1...1。唯一可能缺少對象的情況是當檢驗檢查是由一個不認識病人的設備進行的。在這種情況下，應透過一些情境／通道對應（context／channel matching）技術將檢驗檢查與病人對應，此時，應更新檢驗檢查資訊。",
            "requirements" : "如果你不知道他們是誰或關於什麼，檢驗檢查不會有值。",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.subject",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientCDM"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "workflow",
                "map" : "Event.subject"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.subject[x]"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "PID-3"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "participation[typeCode=RTGT]"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.subject"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.subject.id",
            "path" : "Observation.subject.id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
            "definition" : "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.subject.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.subject.extension",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "value",
                  "path" : "url"
                }
              ],
              "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
              "rules" : "open"
            },
            "short" : "Additional content defined by implementations",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.subject.reference",
            "path" : "Observation.subject.reference",
            "short" : "患者Resource Link",
            "definition" : "A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.",
            "comment" : "Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries.   Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure \"/[type]/[id]\" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Reference.reference",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ref-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.subject.type",
            "path" : "Observation.subject.type",
            "short" : "Type the reference refers to (e.g. \"Patient\")",
            "definition" : "The expected type of the target of the reference. If both Reference.type and Reference.reference are populated and Reference.reference is a FHIR URL, both SHALL be consistent.\n\nThe type is the Canonical URL of Resource Definition that is the type this reference refers to. References are URLs that are relative to http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ e.g. \"Patient\" is a reference to http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient. Absolute URLs are only allowed for logical models (and can only be used in references in logical models, not resources).",
            "comment" : "This element is used to indicate the type of  the target of the reference. This may be used which ever of the other elements are populated (or not). In some cases, the type of the target may be determined by inspection of the reference (e.g. a RESTful URL) or by resolving the target of the reference; if both the type and a reference is provided, the reference SHALL resolve to a resource of the same type as that specified.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Reference.type",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "uri"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "binding" : {
              "extension" : [
                {
                  "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                  "valueString" : "FHIRResourceTypeExt"
                }
              ],
              "strength" : "extensible",
              "description" : "Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.subject.identifier",
            "path" : "Observation.subject.identifier",
            "short" : "Logical reference, when literal reference is not known",
            "definition" : "An identifier for the target resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity it represents is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.",
            "comment" : "When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy. \n\nWhen both an identifier and a literal reference are provided, the literal reference is preferred. Applications processing the resource are allowed - but not required - to check that the identifier matches the literal reference\n\nApplications converting a logical reference to a literal reference may choose to leave the logical reference present, or remove it.\n\nReference is intended to point to a structure that can potentially be expressed as a FHIR resource, though there is no need for it to exist as an actual FHIR resource instance - except in as much as an application wishes to actual find the target of the reference. The content referred to be the identifier must meet the logical constraints implied by any limitations on what resource types are permitted for the reference.  For example, it would not be legitimate to send the identifier for a drug prescription if the type were Reference(Observation|DiagnosticReport).  One of the use-cases for Reference.identifier is the situation where no FHIR representation exists (where the type is Reference (Any).",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Reference.identifier",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Identifier"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : ".identifier"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.subject.display",
            "extension" : [
              {
                "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
                "valueBoolean" : true
              }
            ],
            "path" : "Observation.subject.display",
            "short" : "Text alternative for the resource",
            "definition" : "Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.",
            "comment" : "This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource.  The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Reference.display",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.focus",
            "path" : "Observation.focus",
            "short" : "當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。",
            "definition" : "檢驗檢查的實際焦點，當它不是記錄病人時，代表是與病人有關的事物或人，如配偶、父母、胎兒或捐贈者。例如：母親的記錄中有關胎兒檢驗檢查。檢驗檢查的焦點也可以是現有的狀況、疾病或問題（condition）、介入（intervention）、此對象的飲食、對此對象的另一項檢驗檢查，或身體結構像是腫瘤或植入裝置。有一個案例是使用Observation Resource來取得母親是否已接受更換她的小孩的氣管插管訓練之資訊，在這個例子中，孩子是此記錄的病人，而母親是focus。",
            "comment" : "通常檢驗檢查的對象是一位病人或一群病人、地點或設備，檢驗檢查對象與直接測量內容之間的區別在observation.code已具體說明（例如： 「血糖」），不需要使用這個資料項目（focus）單獨表示。如果需要參照檢體，則使用specimen，如果需要一個代碼而不是一個resource，則使用bodysite來表示bodysites或標準擴充focusCode。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.focus",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.subject[x]"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX-3"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "participation[typeCode=SBJ]"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.subject"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.encounter",
            "path" : "Observation.encounter",
            "short" : "檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的",
            "definition" : "執行檢驗檢查的健康照護事件（例如：病人及健康照護提供人員的互動）",
            "comment" : "這通常指檢驗檢查發生於哪次就醫，但有些檢驗檢查可能是在就醫前或就醫後發生，但仍與就醫的情境有關（如入院前的實驗室檢驗檢查）。",
            "requirements" : "對於某些檢驗檢查來說，知道某個檢驗檢查和某個特定的就醫事件之間的連結可能很重要。",
            "alias" : [
              "Context"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.encounter",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Encounter-twcore"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "workflow",
                "map" : "Event.context"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.context"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "PV1"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "inboundRelationship[typeCode=COMP].source[classCode=ENC, moodCode=EVN]"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.effective[x]",
            "path" : "Observation.effective[x]",
            "short" : "檢驗檢查執行日期或時間區間",
            "definition" : "宣告檢驗檢查值的產出時間或時間區段是真的。對於生物學研究對象—例如病人—這通常被稱為「生理相關時間」。這通常是處置的時間或採樣的時間，但很多時候不知道日期或時間的來源，只知道日期或時間本身。",
            "comment" : "除非這是一份檢驗檢查的歷史報告，否則至少應該有一個日期。為了記錄不精確或「模煳」的時間（例如：測量「早餐後 」血糖），使用Timing datatype以允許測量能與常規生活事件連結。",
            "requirements" : "知道一項檢驗檢查何時被認為是真的，對其相關性和確定趨勢都很重要。",
            "alias" : [
              "Occurrence"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.effective[x]",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "dateTime"
              },
              {
                "code" : "Period"
              },
              {
                "code" : "Timing"
              },
              {
                "code" : "instant"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "workflow",
                "map" : "Event.occurrence[x]"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.done[x]"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX-14, and/or OBX-19 after v2.4  (depends on who observation made)"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "effectiveTime"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.issued",
            "path" : "Observation.issued",
            "short" : "此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間",
            "definition" : "此版本的檢驗檢查資訊可供健康照護提供人員取得的日期和時間，通常是在結果被審查與核實之後。",
            "comment" : "對於不需要審查和核實的檢驗檢查值，發佈日期時間可能與resource本身的最後更新日期時間相同。對於需要對某些更新進行審查和核實的檢驗檢查，若為非臨床上的重要更新則不需要對新版本進行再次審查和驗證，所以發佈日期時間可能與resource本身的最後更新日期時間不一樣。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.issued",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "instant"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.recorded"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBR.22 (or MSH.7), or perhaps OBX-19 (depends on who observation made)"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "participation[typeCode=AUT].time"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.performer",
            "path" : "Observation.performer",
            "short" : "誰負責這項檢驗檢查",
            "definition" : "誰負責宣告檢驗檢查結果值為「真的」",
            "requirements" : "可以對此檢驗檢查有一定程度的信任，並指出後續問題的方向。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.performer",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Practitioner-twcore"🔗 ,
                  "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Organization-twcore"🔗 ,
                  "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/Patient-twcore"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/CareTeam"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "workflow",
                "map" : "Event.performer.actor"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "w5",
                "map" : "FiveWs.actor"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX.15 / (Practitioner)  OBX-16,  PRT-5:PRT-4='RO' /  (Device)  OBX-18 , PRT-10:PRT-4='EQUIP' / (Organization)  OBX-23,  PRT-8:PRT-4='PO'"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "participation[typeCode=PRF]"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "type",
                  "path" : "$this"
                }
              ],
              "ordered" : false,
              "rules" : "closed"
            },
            "short" : "檢驗檢查的實際結果",
            "definition" : "如果此資訊有一個簡單的值，則將其作為此項檢驗檢查的結果。",
            "comment" : "一項檢驗檢查可能有：1）單一值、2）一個值及一組相關或組成之檢驗檢查的多個值、或者3）只有一組相關或組成之檢驗檢查的多個值。如果有一個值，這個資料項目的datatype應該由Observation.code決定。如果這個資料項目是編碼或者如果與Observation.code相關的type定義一個編碼值，那麼將使用只有文字表述的CodeableConcept來代替字串。若需要更多的說明，請參閱下面Notes小節。",
            "requirements" : "通常一項檢驗檢查就會有一個值，雖然若它有錯誤或者它代表一組檢驗檢查可能不會有值。",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept"
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "obs-7"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "preferred",
              "description" : "用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入[VitalSignsUnits](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-ucum-vitals-common.html)代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "sct-concept",
                "map" : "< 441742003 |Evaluation finding|"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX.2, OBX.5, OBX.6"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "value"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "sct-attr",
                "map" : "363714003 |Interprets|"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
            "sliceName" : "valueCodeableConcept",
            "short" : "檢驗檢查的實際結果",
            "definition" : "如果此資訊有一個簡單的值，則將其作為此項檢驗檢查的結果。",
            "comment" : "一項檢驗檢查可能有：1）單一值、2）一個值及一組相關或組成之檢驗檢查的多個值、或者3）只有一組相關或組成之檢驗檢查的多個值。如果有一個值，這個資料項目的datatype應該由Observation.code決定。如果這個資料項目是編碼或者如果與Observation.code相關的type定義一個編碼值，那麼將使用只有文字表述的CodeableConcept來代替字串。若需要更多的說明，請參閱下面Notes小節。",
            "requirements" : "通常一項檢驗檢查就會有一個值，雖然若它有錯誤或者它代表一組檢驗檢查可能不會有值。",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept"
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "obs-7"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "preferred",
              "description" : "用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入[VitalSignsUnits](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-ucum-vitals-common.html)代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "sct-concept",
                "map" : "< 441742003 |Evaluation finding|"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX.2, OBX.5, OBX.6"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "value"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "sct-attr",
                "map" : "363714003 |Interprets|"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.id",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
            "definition" : "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].extension",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "value",
                  "path" : "url"
                }
              ],
              "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
              "rules" : "open"
            },
            "short" : "Additional content defined by implementations",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding",
            "short" : "Code defined by a terminology system",
            "definition" : "A reference to a code defined by a terminology system.",
            "comment" : "Codes may be defined very casually in enumerations, or code lists, up to very formal definitions such as SNOMED CT - see the HL7 v3 Core Principles for more information.  Ordering of codings is undefined and SHALL NOT be used to infer meaning. Generally, at most only one of the coding values will be labeled as UserSelected = true.",
            "requirements" : "Allows for alternative encodings within a code system, and translations to other code systems.",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "CodeableConcept.coding",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Coding"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "required",
              "description" : "復發狀態；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。",
              "valueSet" : "https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/ValueSet/RecurrenceStatus"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.1-8, C*E.10-22"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "union(., ./translation)"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept.coding rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.coding"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.id",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding.id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
            "definition" : "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding.extension",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "value",
                  "path" : "url"
                }
              ],
              "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
              "rules" : "open"
            },
            "short" : "Additional content defined by implementations",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.system",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding.system",
            "short" : "Identity of the terminology system",
            "definition" : "The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code.",
            "comment" : "The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...).  OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously.",
            "requirements" : "Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol.",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.system",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "uri"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.3"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./codeSystem"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.system rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystem"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.version",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding.version",
            "short" : "Version of the system - if relevant",
            "definition" : "The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged.",
            "comment" : "Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.version",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.7"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./codeSystemVersion"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.version rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystemVersion"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.code",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding.code",
            "short" : "復發狀態。[CASE.m5]",
            "definition" : "A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination).",
            "requirements" : "Need to refer to a particular code in the system.",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.code",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "code"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.1"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./code"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.code rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.code"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.display",
            "extension" : [
              {
                "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
                "valueBoolean" : true
              }
            ],
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding.display",
            "short" : "Representation defined by the system",
            "definition" : "A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system.",
            "requirements" : "Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know  the system.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.display",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.2 - but note this is not well followed"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CV.displayName"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.display rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.displayName"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.userSelected",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding.userSelected",
            "short" : "If this coding was chosen directly by the user",
            "definition" : "Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays).",
            "comment" : "Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely.",
            "requirements" : "This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Coding.userSelected",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "boolean"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "Sometimes implied by being first"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD.codingRationale"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:mapsTo dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:hasMap fhir:Coding.userSelected.map. fhir:Coding.userSelected.map a fhir:Map;   fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected\\#true a [     fhir:source \"true\";     fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale\\#O   ]"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.text",
            "extension" : [
              {
                "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
                "valueBoolean" : true
              }
            ],
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].text",
            "short" : "復發狀態。[CASE.m5]",
            "definition" : "A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user.",
            "comment" : "Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings.",
            "requirements" : "The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source.",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "CodeableConcept.text",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "C*E.9. But note many systems use C*E.2 for this"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "./originalText[mediaType/code=\"text/plain\"]/data"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept.text rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CD.originalText"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
            "path" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
            "short" : "缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因",
            "definition" : "提供資料項目Observation.value[x]中的預期值缺少的原因",
            "comment" : "空值（Null）或例外值可以在FHIR Observations中以兩種方式表示，一種方法是簡單地將它們含括在值集中，並在值中表示例外。例如：血清檢測的測量值可以是「檢測到」、「未檢測到」、「不確定」或「檢測未完成」。\r\n\r\n另一種方法是使用資料項目value呈現實際檢驗檢查值，並使用資料項目dataAbsentReason來明確記錄例外值。例如：當測量沒有完成，可使用dataAbsentReason代碼「error」。請注意，只有在有值的情況下，才可以報告檢驗檢查。例如：只有在>0的情況下才可能報告細胞計數的差值。由於有這些選項，所以需要有使用案例協議（use-case agreements）來解釋一般檢驗檢查的例外值。",
            "requirements" : "對於許多結果，必須處理測量中的異常值。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "extensible",
              "description" : "代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入[DataAbsentReason](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-data-absent-reason.html)代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.interpretation",
            "path" : "Observation.interpretation",
            "short" : "高、低、正常等",
            "definition" : "對一項檢驗檢查值的分類評估，例如：高、低、正常。",
            "comment" : "歷史上用於實驗室結果【被稱為 「異常標記（abnormal flag）」】，它的使用延伸到其他與編碼解釋有關的使用情況中。通常報告為一個或多個簡單的緊密碼（compact code，一種可以解譯且具有最小平均字長的唯一資料代碼），這個資料項目經常被放置在報告和流程表的結果值的旁邊，以表示結果的意義或正常狀態。",
            "requirements" : "對於某些結果，特別是數值結果，需有一個解釋以便完全理解結果之意義。",
            "alias" : [
              "Abnormal Flag"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.interpretation",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "extensible",
              "description" : "代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入[ObservationInterpretationCodes](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-observation-interpretation.html)代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.note",
            "path" : "Observation.note",
            "short" : "關於此檢驗檢查之解說",
            "definition" : "關於檢驗檢查或結果的解說",
            "comment" : "可包括關於檢驗檢查的一般陳述，或關於重要的、非預期的或不可靠的結果值的陳述，或與資料項目interpretation有關的來源資訊。",
            "requirements" : "需能提供純文字表述的附加資訊",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.note",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Annotation"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "NTE.3 (partner NTE to OBX, or sometimes another (child?) OBX)"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "subjectOf.observationEvent[code=\"annotation\"].value"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.bodySite",
            "path" : "Observation.bodySite",
            "short" : "接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。",
            "definition" : "表示在檢驗檢查對象身上進行檢驗檢查的部位（即目標部位）",
            "comment" : "只有在Observation.code中的代碼未隱含時才會使用。在許多系統中，這可能被表示為一個相關的檢驗檢查，而不是一個行內的組成之檢驗檢查（inline component）。\r\n\r\n如果使用案例（use-case）要求將BodySite作為一個單獨的resource來處理（例如：單獨指明和追踪），那麼就使用標準的資料項目擴充方式來擴充bodySite。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.bodySite",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "example",
              "description" : "代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；可參考[SNOMEDCTBodyStructures](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-body-site.html)代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.method",
            "path" : "Observation.method",
            "short" : "此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成",
            "definition" : "指明用於執行檢驗檢查的機制",
            "comment" : "只有在Observation.code中的代碼未隱含此資料項目概念時才會使用。",
            "requirements" : "在某些情況下，方法會影響結果，因此用於確認結果是否可以比較或確認結果的顯著性（significance）。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.method",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "example",
              "description" : "檢驗檢查的方法；可參考[ObservationMethods](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-observation-methods.html)代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.specimen",
            "path" : "Observation.specimen",
            "short" : "此檢驗檢查的檢體",
            "definition" : "進行這項檢驗檢查時使用的檢體",
            "comment" : "只有在Observation.code中的代碼未隱含此資料項目概念時才會使用。\r\n檢驗檢查不是針對檢體本身進行，而是針對對象，但在很多情況下是透過檢體的方式進行檢驗檢查。請注意，雖然經常涉及到檢體，但並不總是明確地對其進行追踪和報告。還要注意的是Observation resources可在明確追踪檢體的情境下使用（例如：Diagnostic Report）。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.specimen",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Specimen"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "sct-concept",
                "map" : "< 123038009 |Specimen|"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "SPM segment"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "participation[typeCode=SPC].specimen"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "sct-attr",
                "map" : "704319004 |Inherent in|"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.device",
            "path" : "Observation.device",
            "short" : "（測量）設備",
            "definition" : "用於產生檢驗檢查資料的設備",
            "comment" : "請注意，這不是用來表示結果傳輸的設備，例如：閘道器（gateway）等可在相關情況下使用 Provenance resource進行記錄。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.device",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceMetric"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "sct-concept",
                "map" : "< 49062001 |Device|"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX-17 / PRT -10"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "participation[typeCode=DEV]"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "sct-attr",
                "map" : "424226004 |Using device|"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange",
            "short" : "解釋結果值的指引。\r\nobs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。",
            "definition" : "指導如何透過與正常或建議範圍值的比較來解釋此值。多個參考範圍值以「OR」解釋。換句話說，為了代表兩個不同的目標人群，將使用兩個referenceRange資料項目。",
            "comment" : "大多數檢驗檢查只有一個通用的參考範圍值。系統 **可能可以（MAY）** 選擇限制只提供病人的相關參考範圍值（例如：具體的病人年齡、性別、體重和其他因素），但這可能是不可能的或也不合適。只要提供了一個以上的參考範圍值，就 **建議應該（SHOULD）** 提供不同年齡的參考範圍值差異。",
            "requirements" : "知道什麼值被認為是「正常的」，可以幫助評估某一特定結果的意義。需要能夠為不同的情境提供多個參考範圍值。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.referenceRange",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "BackboneElement"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "obs-3",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have at least a low or a high or text",
                "expression" : "low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()",
                "xpath" : "(exists(f:low) or exists(f:high)or exists(f:text))",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX.7"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "outboundRelationship[typeCode=REFV]/target[classCode=OBS, moodCode=EVN]"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.id",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。",
            "definition" : "resource中資料項目的唯一ID（用於內部參照）。這可以是任何不含空格的字串。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.extension",
            "short" : "Additional content defined by implementations",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.modifierExtension",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.modifierExtension",
            "short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "requirements" : "Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/extensibility.html#modifierExtension).",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content",
              "modifiers"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "BackboneElement.modifierExtension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : true,
            "isModifierReason" : "Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them",
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.low",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.low",
            "short" : "參考範圍值的下限值，如果相關。",
            "definition" : "參考範圍值的下限值。參考範圍值endpoint的下限值包含在此值中（例如：參考範圍值是>=5 - <=9）。如果省略下限值，則被認為是沒有意義的（例如：參考範圍值是<=2.3）。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.low",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Quantity",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "obs-3"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX-7"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "value:IVL_PQ.low"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.high",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.high",
            "short" : "參考範圍值的上限值，如果相關。",
            "definition" : "參考範圍值的下限值。參考範圍值endpoint的下限值包含在此值中（例如：參考範圍值是>=5 - <=9）。如果省略下限值，則被認為是沒有意義的（例如：參考範圍值是<=2.3）。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.high",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Quantity",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "obs-3"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX-7"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "value:IVL_PQ.high"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.type",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.type",
            "short" : "參考範圍值的限定詞",
            "definition" : "代碼表明適用的目標人群，例如：正常值或治療範圍值。",
            "comment" : "如果有一個以上的範圍值，此資料項目 **建議應該（SHOULD）** 填寫。如果這個資料項目不存在，則假定是正常範圍值。",
            "requirements" : "需要能夠說出這是什麼樣的參考範圍值：正常的、建議的、治療的等，以便正確解釋。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.type",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "preferred",
              "description" : "用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用[ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-referencerange-meaning.html)代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo",
            "short" : "參考範圍值的人群",
            "definition" : "代碼表明此參考範圍值所適用的目標人群，例如：一個參考範圍值可能是一般人群或特定的性別或種族。多個適用對象需以「AND」解釋目標人群。例如：為了表示一個非裔美國人女性的目標人群，將同時使用女性的代碼和非裔美國人的代碼。",
            "comment" : "如果有一個以上的範圍值，此資料項目 **建議應該（SHOULD）** 填寫。如果這個資料項目不存在，則假定是正常範圍值。",
            "requirements" : "需要能夠指明目標人群以進行適當的解釋。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "example",
              "description" : "用以指明參考範圍值適用的人群之代碼；可參考[ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-referencerange-appliesto.html)代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.age",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.age",
            "short" : "適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。",
            "definition" : "此參考範圍值適用的年齡，如果意思是說足月時的週數，這就是指新生兒年齡。",
            "requirements" : "有些分析隨著年齡的增長變化很大",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.age",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Range"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "outboundRelationship[typeCode=PRCN].targetObservationCriterion[code=\"age\"].value"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.text",
            "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.text",
            "short" : "檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值",
            "definition" : "檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值，可在不適合以定量範圍值呈現某項檢驗檢查時使用。例如：「陰性 」的參照值或 「正常」的清單／列表。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.text",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "string"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX-7"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "value:ST"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.hasMember",
            "path" : "Observation.hasMember",
            "short" : "屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource",
            "definition" : "這項檢驗檢查是一組檢驗檢查，例如：一個套組（battery）、一個檢驗套組（panel）或一組生命徵象測量，其組成的檢驗檢查為此資料項目的目標resource。",
            "comment" : "使用這個資料項目時，一項檢驗檢查通常會有一個值或者一組相關的resources，儘管在某些情況下兩者都可能存在。有關討論如何將Observations組合在一起的方法，請參閱下面的Notes小節。請注意，系統可能針對問卷調查的結果（ QuestionnaireResponse）計算成一個最終的分數，並將這個分數表示為一個Observation。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.hasMember",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/QuestionnaireResponse"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MolecularSequence"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "Relationships established by OBX-4 usage"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "outBoundRelationship"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.derivedFrom",
            "path" : "Observation.derivedFrom",
            "short" : "檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量",
            "definition" : "目標resource為一種測量，此檢驗檢查就是從那個測量中得出。例如：陰離子間隙（an anion gap）或胎兒的測量值是從超音波影像計算而得。",
            "comment" : "在這個資料項目中列出可以代表臨床檢檢查和其他測量的所有參照選項，可能是衍生值的來源。最常見參照另一個Observation，關於Observations如何組合在一起的討論，請參閱下面的Notes小節。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.derivedFrom",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DocumentReference"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ImagingStudy"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Media"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/QuestionnaireResponse"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MolecularSequence"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "Relationships established by OBX-4 usage"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : ".targetObservation"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.component",
            "path" : "Observation.component",
            "short" : "組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果",
            "definition" : "有有些檢驗檢查有多個組成之檢驗檢查，這些組成之檢驗檢查被表達為具有相同屬性的獨立的代碼值對（code value pair）。例子包括血壓測量的收縮壓和舒張壓即為組成之檢驗檢查（component observations），以及遺傳學檢驗檢查的多個組成之檢驗檢查。",
            "comment" : "有關如何組合Observations的方法討論，請參閱下面的Notes小節。",
            "requirements" : "組成之檢驗檢查在Obsrvation resource中與主要檢驗檢查共享相同的屬性，並且總是被視為單個檢驗檢查的一部分（它們是不可分離的）。然而，主要檢驗檢查的參考範圍值並不被組成之檢驗檢查所繼承，在適當的時候需給予每項組成之檢驗檢查參考範圍值。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.component",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "BackboneElement"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "containment by OBX-4?"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "outBoundRelationship[typeCode=COMP]"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.component.id",
            "path" : "Observation.component.id",
            "representation" : [
              "xmlAttr"
            ],
            "short" : "唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。",
            "definition" : "resource中資料項目的唯一ID（用於內部參照）。這可以是任何不含空格的字串。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.id",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "extension" : [
                  {
                    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                    "valueUrl" : "string"
                  }
                ],
                "code" : "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.component.extension",
            "path" : "Observation.component.extension",
            "short" : "Additional content defined by implementations",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Element.extension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.component.modifierExtension",
            "path" : "Observation.component.modifierExtension",
            "short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized",
            "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).",
            "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
            "requirements" : "Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/extensibility.html#modifierExtension).",
            "alias" : [
              "extensions",
              "user content",
              "modifiers"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "BackboneElement.modifierExtension",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Extension"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              },
              {
                "key" : "ext-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), \"value\")])",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : true,
            "isModifierReason" : "Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them",
            "isSummary" : true,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "N/A"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.component.code",
            "path" : "Observation.component.code",
            "short" : "組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別）",
            "definition" : "描述所觀察到的情況，有時這被稱為檢驗檢查「代碼」。",
            "comment" : "所有的code-value和component.code-component.value都需要考慮到，以正確理解檢驗檢查的意義。",
            "requirements" : "知道正在進行的是哪種檢驗檢查是理解檢驗檢查的關鍵",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.component.code",
              "min" : 1,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "example",
              "description" : "代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考[生命體徵值集](https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet-vital-signs-tw.html)代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。",
              "valueSet" : "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.component.value[x]",
            "path" : "Observation.component.value[x]",
            "short" : "組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果",
            "definition" : "如果資訊中帶有一個值（simple value）則其可作為檢驗檢查的結果。",
            "comment" : "一項檢驗檢查可能有一個值（如Apgar評分）和組成之檢驗檢查值（Apgar評分所來自多項檢驗檢查）。如果有一個值，這個資料項目的datatype應該由Observation.code決定。如果這個資料項目是編碼或者如果與Observation.code相關的type定義一個編碼值，那麼將使用只有文字表述的CodeableConcept來代替字串。若需要更多的說明，請參閱下面Notes小節。",
            "requirements" : "通常一項檢驗檢查就會有一個值，雖然若它有錯誤或者它代表一組檢驗檢查可能不會有值。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.component.value[x]",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Quantity"
              },
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept"
              },
              {
                "code" : "string"
              },
              {
                "code" : "boolean"
              },
              {
                "code" : "integer"
              },
              {
                "code" : "Range"
              },
              {
                "code" : "Ratio"
              },
              {
                "code" : "SampledData"
              },
              {
                "code" : "time"
              },
              {
                "code" : "dateTime"
              },
              {
                "code" : "Period"
              }
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : true,
            "binding" : {
              "extension" : [
                {
                  "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                  "valueString" : "VitalSignsUnits"
                }
              ],
              "strength" : "preferred",
              "description" : "用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入[VitalSignsUnits](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-ucum-vitals-common.html)代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "sct-concept",
                "map" : "363714003 |Interprets| < 441742003 |Evaluation finding|"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX.2, OBX.5, OBX.6"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "value"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "sct-attr",
                "map" : "363714003 |Interprets|"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.component.dataAbsentReason",
            "path" : "Observation.component.dataAbsentReason",
            "short" : "為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果",
            "definition" : "提供資料項目Observation.component.value[x]中的預期值缺少的原因",
            "comment" : "空值（Null）或例外值可以在FHIR Observations中以兩種方式表示，一種方法是簡單地將它們含括在值集中，並在值中表示例外。例如：血清檢測的測量值可以是「檢測到」、「未檢測到」、「不確定」或「檢測未完成」。\r\n\r\n另一種方法是使用資料項目value呈現實際檢驗檢查值，並使用資料項目dataAbsentReason來明確記錄例外值。例如：當測量沒有完成，可使用dataAbsentReason代碼「error」。請注意，只有在有值的情況下，才可以報告檢驗檢查。例如：只有在>0的情況下才可能報告細胞計數的差值。由於有這些選項，所以需要有使用案例協議（use-case agreements）來解釋一般檢驗檢查的例外值。",
            "requirements" : "對於許多結果，必須處理測量中的異常值。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "1",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.component.dataAbsentReason",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "1"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "extensible",
              "description" : "代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入[DataAbsentReason](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-data-absent-reason.html)代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.component.interpretation",
            "path" : "Observation.component.interpretation",
            "short" : "高、低、正常等。",
            "definition" : "對一項檢驗檢查值的分類評估，例如：高、低、正常。",
            "comment" : "歷史上用於實驗室結果【被稱為 「異常標記（abnormal flag）」】，它的使用延伸到其他與編碼解釋有關的使用情況中。通常報告為一個或多個簡單的緊密碼（compact code，一種可以解譯且具有最小平均字長的唯一資料代碼），這個資料項目經常被放置在報告和流程表的結果值的旁邊，以表示結果的意義或正常狀態。",
            "requirements" : "對於某些結果，特別是數值結果，需有一個解釋以便完全理解結果之意義。",
            "alias" : [
              "Abnormal Flag"
            ],
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.component.interpretation",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept",
                "profile" : [
                  🔗 "https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/StructureDefinition/CodeableConcept-tw"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "condition" : [
              "ele-1"
            ],
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "extensible",
              "description" : "用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入[ObservationInterpretationCodes](http://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-observation-interpretation.html)代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。",
              "valueSet" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation"
            },
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "n/a"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "CD"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "orim",
                "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.component.referenceRange",
            "path" : "Observation.component.referenceRange",
            "short" : "解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引",
            "definition" : "關於如何透過與正常值或建議範圍值的比較來解釋此值",
            "comment" : "大多數檢驗檢查只有一個通用的參考範圍值。系統 **可能可以（MAY）** 選擇限制只提供病人的相關參考範圍值（例如：具體的病人年齡、性別、體重和其他因素），但這可能是不可能的或也不合適。只要提供了一個以上的參考範圍值，就 **建議應該（SHOULD）** 提供不同年齡的參考範圍值差異。",
            "requirements" : "知道什麼值被認為是「正常的」，可以幫助評估某一特定結果的意義。需要能夠為不同的情境提供多個參考範圍值。",
            "min" : 0,
            "max" : "*",
            "base" : {
              "path" : "Observation.component.referenceRange",
              "min" : 0,
              "max" : "*"
            },
            "contentReference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation#Observation.referenceRange",
            "constraint" : [
              {
                "key" : "ele-1",
                "severity" : "error",
                "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                "expression" : "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div",
                "source" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
              }
            ],
            "isModifier" : false,
            "isSummary" : false,
            "mapping" : [
              {
                "identity" : "v2",
                "map" : "OBX.7"
              },
              {
                "identity" : "rim",
                "map" : "outboundRelationship[typeCode=REFV]/target[classCode=OBS, moodCode=EVN]"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "differential" : {
        "element" : [
          {
            "id" : "Observation",
            "path" : "Observation"
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.partOf",
            "path" : "Observation.partOf",
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MedicationAdministration"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MedicationDispense"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MedicationStatement"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Immunization"🔗 ,
                  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ImagingStudy"🔗 ,
                  "https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/ProcedureCASE"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.partOf.reference",
            "path" : "Observation.partOf.reference",
            "short" : "追蹤方式Resource Link",
            "min" : 1,
            "mustSupport" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.status",
            "path" : "Observation.status",
            "mustSupport" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code",
            "path" : "Observation.code",
            "mustSupport" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding",
            "min" : 1
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding.system",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding.system",
            "min" : 1,
            "fixedUri" : "http://loinc.org"
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.code.coding.code",
            "path" : "Observation.code.coding.code",
            "min" : 1,
            "fixedCode" : "59557-9"
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.subject",
            "path" : "Observation.subject",
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "Reference",
                "targetProfile" : [
                  🔗 "https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientCDM"
                ]
              }
            ],
            "mustSupport" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.subject.reference",
            "path" : "Observation.subject.reference",
            "short" : "患者Resource Link",
            "min" : 1,
            "mustSupport" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
            "slicing" : {
              "discriminator" : [
                {
                  "type" : "type",
                  "path" : "$this"
                }
              ],
              "rules" : "open"
            },
            "min" : 1
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
            "sliceName" : "valueCodeableConcept",
            "min" : 1,
            "type" : [
              {
                "code" : "CodeableConcept"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding",
            "min" : 1,
            "max" : "1",
            "mustSupport" : true,
            "binding" : {
              "strength" : "required",
              "description" : "復發狀態；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。",
              "valueSet" : "https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/ValueSet/RecurrenceStatus"
            }
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.system",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding.system",
            "min" : 1,
            "mustSupport" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding.code",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].coding.code",
            "short" : "復發狀態。[CASE.m5]",
            "min" : 1,
            "mustSupport" : true
          },
          {
            "id" : "Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.text",
            "path" : "Observation.value[x].text",
            "short" : "復發狀態。[CASE.m5]",
            "mustSupport" : true
          }
        ]
      }
    }