國家級人體生物資料庫整合平台共同資料模式實作指引(NBCT Common Data Model IG)
0.1.0 - trial-use

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## Resource Profile: Observation CASE-復發狀態

Official URL: https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus | Version: 0.1.0
Active as of 2024-09-01 | Computable Name: ObservationCASERecurrenceStatus

用於描述癌症個案管理追蹤資料檔(CASE)之復發狀態

Usage:

- Use this Resource Profile: Bundle CASE
- Refer to this Resource Profile: Composition CASE

### Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

- Key Elements Table
- Differential Table
- Snapshot Table
- Statistics/References
- All

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | TWCoreObservation | 檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | 創建此內容所依據的一組規則 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text | S | 0..1 | Narrative | Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
partOf | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Immunization | ImagingStudy | Procedure CASE-追蹤方式) | 此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | 追蹤方式Resource Link ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
status | ?!S Σ | 1..1 | code | registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 檢驗檢查分類 Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding | S | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding | S | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Fixed Value: 59557-9
display | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料) | 檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | 患者Resource Link ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
performer | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam) | 誰負責這項檢驗檢查 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for value[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入 VitalSignsUnits 代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept | S Σ C | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding | S Σ | 1..1 | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Binding: 復發狀態值集 (required): 復發狀態；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
dataAbsentReason | S | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | 組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x] | S Σ | 0..1 |  | 組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | S | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatus `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code | example | TWVitalSigns `https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw`
Observation.value[x] | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding | required | RecurrenceStatus (a valid code from 復發狀態) `https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/ValueSet/RecurrenceStatus` from this IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | example | TWVitalSigns `https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw`
Observation.component.value[x] | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` from the FHIR Standard

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |

This structure is derived from TWCoreObservation

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation |  | 0..* | TWCoreObservation | 檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。
partOf | S | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Immunization | ImagingStudy | Procedure CASE-追蹤方式) | 此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分
reference | S | 1..1 | string | 追蹤方式Resource Link
status | S | 1..1 | code | registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended +
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。
coding |  | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
system |  | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code |  | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號 Fixed Value: 59557-9
subject | S | 1..1 | Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料) | 檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
reference | S | 1..1 | string | 患者Resource Link
Slices for value[x] |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果
coding | S | 1..1 | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Binding: 復發狀態值集 (required): 復發狀態；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
system | S | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system
code | S | 1..1 | code | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5]
text | S | 0..1 | string | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5]
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding | required | RecurrenceStatus (a valid code from 復發狀態) `https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/ValueSet/RecurrenceStatus` from this IG

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | TWCoreObservation | 檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
id | Σ | 0..1 | id | 不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | 此Observation Resource的metadata
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | 創建此內容所依據的一組規則
language |  | 0..1 | code | 用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言 Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Example Value: zh-TW
text | S | 0..1 | Narrative | Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀
contained |  | 0..* | Resource | 內嵌的（contained）、行內的Resources
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | 檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | 依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令
partOf | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Immunization | ImagingStudy | Procedure CASE-追蹤方式) | 此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | 追蹤方式Resource Link
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
status | ?!S Σ | 1..1 | code | registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
category |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 檢驗檢查分類 Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | 擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding | S | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | 擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
version | Σ | 0..1 | string | 系統的版本—如果相關的話
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號
display | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 由系統定義的表示法
userSelected | Σ | 0..1 | boolean | 此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 概念的文字表示法
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | 擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding | S | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | 擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version | Σ | 0..1 | string | 系統的版本—如果相關的話
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號 Fixed Value: 59557-9
display | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 由系統定義的表示法
userSelected | Σ | 0..1 | boolean | 此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 概念的文字表示法
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料) | 檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | 患者Resource Link
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | 當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(TW Core Encounter) | 檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的
effective[x] | Σ | 0..1 |  | 檢驗檢查執行日期或時間區間
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
effectiveTiming |  |  | Timing |
effectiveInstant |  |  | instant |
issued | Σ | 0..1 | instant | 此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間
performer | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam) | 誰負責這項檢驗檢查
Slices for value[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入 VitalSignsUnits 代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept | S Σ C | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding | S Σ | 1..1 | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Binding: 復發狀態值集 (required): 復發狀態；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system
version | Σ | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5]
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected | Σ | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5]
dataAbsentReason | S | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
note |  | 0..* | Annotation | 關於此檢驗檢查之解說
bodySite |  | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；可參考SNOMEDCTBodyStructures代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
method |  | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (example): 檢驗檢查的方法；可參考ObservationMethods代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
specimen |  | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | 此檢驗檢查的檢體
device |  | 0..1 | Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) | （測量）設備
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | 解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | 參考範圍值的下限值，如果相關。
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | 參考範圍值的上限值，如果相關。
type |  | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
appliesTo |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 參考範圍值的人群 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的人群之代碼；可參考ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。
age |  | 0..1 | Range | 適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。
text |  | 0..1 | string | 檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值
hasMember | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | 屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource
derivedFrom | Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | 檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量
component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | 組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
value[x] | S Σ | 0..1 |  | 組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | S | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 高、低、正常等。 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | 解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI
Observation.language | preferred | CommonLanguages `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.partOf.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatus `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code | example | TWVitalSigns `https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw`
Observation.subject.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x] | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding | required | RecurrenceStatus (a valid code from 復發狀態) `https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/ValueSet/RecurrenceStatus` from this IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite | example | SNOMEDCTBodyStructures `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method | example | ObservationMethods `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type | preferred | ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo | example | ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | example | TWVitalSigns `https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw`
Observation.component.value[x] | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` from the FHIR Standard

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() |
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists() |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |

This structure is derived from TWCoreObservation

Summary

Mandatory: 9 elements(1 nested mandatory element)
Must-Support: 10 elements
Fixed: 2 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

- Procedure CASE-追蹤方式 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/ProcedureCASE)
- Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientCDM)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

- The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.value[x]

Key Elements View

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | TWCoreObservation | 檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | 創建此內容所依據的一組規則 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text | S | 0..1 | Narrative | Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
partOf | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Immunization | ImagingStudy | Procedure CASE-追蹤方式) | 此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | 追蹤方式Resource Link ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
status | ?!S Σ | 1..1 | code | registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
category |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 檢驗檢查分類 Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding | S | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
display | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding | S | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children Fixed Value: 59557-9
display | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 由系統定義的表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 概念的文字表示法 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料) | 檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | 患者Resource Link ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
performer | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam) | 誰負責這項檢驗檢查 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Slices for value[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入 VitalSignsUnits 代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept | S Σ C | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
coding | S Σ | 1..1 | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Binding: 復發狀態值集 (required): 復發狀態；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5] ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
dataAbsentReason | S | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | 組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
value[x] | S Σ | 0..1 |  | 組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | S | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。 ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatus `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code | example | TWVitalSigns `https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw`
Observation.value[x] | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding | required | RecurrenceStatus (a valid code from 復發狀態) `https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/ValueSet/RecurrenceStatus` from this IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | example | TWVitalSigns `https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw`
Observation.component.value[x] | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` from the FHIR Standard

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |

Differential View

This structure is derived from TWCoreObservation

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation |  | 0..* | TWCoreObservation | 檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。
partOf | S | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Immunization | ImagingStudy | Procedure CASE-追蹤方式) | 此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分
reference | S | 1..1 | string | 追蹤方式Resource Link
status | S | 1..1 | code | registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended +
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。
coding |  | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
system |  | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
code |  | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號 Fixed Value: 59557-9
subject | S | 1..1 | Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料) | 檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
reference | S | 1..1 | string | 患者Resource Link
Slices for value[x] |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Open by type:$this
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept |  | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果
coding | S | 1..1 | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Binding: 復發狀態值集 (required): 復發狀態；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
system | S | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system
code | S | 1..1 | code | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5]
text | S | 0..1 | string | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5]
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding | required | RecurrenceStatus (a valid code from 復發狀態) `https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/ValueSet/RecurrenceStatus` from this IG

Snapshot View

Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Observation | C | 0..* | TWCoreObservation | 檢驗檢查，測量及簡單的判定。 obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present
id | Σ | 0..1 | id | 不重複的ID用以識別儲存在特定FHIR Server中的Observation紀錄，通常又稱為邏輯性ID。
meta | Σ | 0..1 | Meta | 此Observation Resource的metadata
implicitRules | ?!Σ | 0..1 | uri | 創建此內容所依據的一組規則
language |  | 0..1 | code | 用以表述Observation Resource內容的語言 Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): 人類語言；鼓勵使用CommonLanguages代碼表中的代碼，但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。 Example Value: zh-TW
text | S | 0..1 | Narrative | Observation Resource之內容摘要以供人閱讀
contained |  | 0..* | Resource | 內嵌的（contained）、行內的Resources
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?! | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | 檢驗檢查的識別碼，通常為業務目的所使用的識別碼，例如：檢驗序號或單號。
basedOn | Σ | 0..* | Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | TW Core MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) | 依據的照護計畫／提議／醫令
partOf | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Immunization | ImagingStudy | Procedure CASE-追蹤方式) | 此檢驗檢查是哪個參照事件的一部分
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | 追蹤方式Resource Link
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
status | ?!S Σ | 1..1 | code | registered ｜ preliminary ｜ final ｜ amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): 檢驗檢查的狀態代碼；應填入ObservationStatus代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
category |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 檢驗檢查分類 Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): 高層次的檢驗檢查分類；鼓勵使用ObservationCategoryCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | 擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding | S | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | 擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別
version | Σ | 0..1 | string | 系統的版本—如果相關的話
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號
display | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 由系統定義的表示法
userSelected | Σ | 0..1 | boolean | 此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 概念的文字表示法
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 概念（concept）－參照一個專門術語或只是純文字。 Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 應填入生命體徵值集代碼表中的其中一個代碼。
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | 擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding | S | 1..* | CodingTW | 由專門術語系統（terminology system）定義的代碼
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | 擴充的資料項目 Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | 專門術語系統（terminology system）的識別 Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
version | Σ | 0..1 | string | 系統的版本—如果相關的話
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 系統定義的語法之符號 Fixed Value: 59557-9
display | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 由系統定義的表示法
userSelected | Σ | 0..1 | boolean | 此編碼是否由使用者直接選擇？
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 概念的文字表示法
subject | S Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料) | 檢驗檢查有關的對象及（或）事物
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
reference | S Σ C | 1..1 | string | 患者Resource Link
type | Σ | 0..1 | uri | Type the reference refers to (e.g. "Patient") Binding: ResourceType (extensible): Aa resource (or, for logical models, the URI of the logical model).
identifier | Σ | 0..1 | Identifier | Logical reference, when literal reference is not known
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Text alternative for the resource
focus | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Resource) | 當檢驗檢查並非有關於與病人本身，檢驗檢查是關於什麼。
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(TW Core Encounter) | 檢驗檢查是哪一次就醫時執行的
effective[x] | Σ | 0..1 |  | 檢驗檢查執行日期或時間區間
effectiveDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
effectivePeriod |  |  | Period |
effectiveTiming |  |  | Timing |
effectiveInstant |  |  | instant |
issued | Σ | 0..1 | instant | 此版本檢驗檢查完成的日期或時間
performer | S Σ | 0..* | Reference(TW Core Practitioner | TW Core Organization | TW Core Patient | PractitionerRole | CareTeam) | 誰負責這項檢驗檢查
Slices for value[x] | S Σ C | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Slice: Unordered, Closed by type:$this Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入 VitalSignsUnits 代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
value[x]:valueCodeableConcept | S Σ C | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | 檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding | S Σ | 1..1 | Coding | Code defined by a terminology system Binding: 復發狀態值集 (required): 復發狀態；應填入所綁定值集中的其中一個代碼。
id |  | 0..1 | string | Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
system | S Σ | 1..1 | uri | Identity of the terminology system
version | Σ | 0..1 | string | Version of the system - if relevant
code | S Σ | 1..1 | code | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5]
display | Σ | 0..1 | string | Representation defined by the system
userSelected | Σ | 0..1 | boolean | If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text | S Σ | 0..1 | string | 復發狀態。[CASE.m5]
dataAbsentReason | S | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 缺少檢驗檢查結果的原因 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼具體說明檢驗檢查結果缺少的原因；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 高、低、正常等 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 代碼指明檢驗檢查結果的解釋；應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
note |  | 0..* | Annotation | 關於此檢驗檢查之解說
bodySite |  | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 接受檢驗檢查的身體部位。此為SNOMED CT代碼，若機構已有購買相關授權，亦可使用。 Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): 代碼說明解剖學位置，可能包含側邊；可參考SNOMEDCTBodyStructures代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
method |  | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 此檢驗檢查使用何種方法完成 Binding: ObservationMethods (example): 檢驗檢查的方法；可參考ObservationMethods代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
specimen |  | 0..1 | Reference(Specimen) | 此檢驗檢查的檢體
device |  | 0..1 | Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) | （測量）設備
referenceRange | C | 0..* | BackboneElement | 解釋結果值的指引。 obs-3：必須至少有低、高或文字表述。 obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | 參考範圍值的下限值，如果相關。
high | C | 0..1 | SimpleQuantity | 參考範圍值的上限值，如果相關。
type |  | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 參考範圍值的限定詞 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): 用以表述參考範圍值之含意的代碼；鼓勵使用ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes代碼表中的代碼， 但不強制一定要使用此代碼表，你也可使用其他代碼表的代碼或單純以文字表示。
appliesTo |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 參考範圍值的人群 Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): 用以指明參考範圍值適用的人群之代碼；可參考ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼代碼表中的代碼。
age |  | 0..1 | Range | 適用的年齡範圍值，如果相關。
text |  | 0..1 | string | 檢驗檢查中以文字表述的參考範圍值
hasMember | Σ | 0..* | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) | 屬於此組檢驗檢查的相關Resource
derivedFrom | Σ | 0..* | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) | 檢驗檢查源自哪些相關測量
component | S Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | 組成之（部分）檢驗檢查的檢驗結果
id |  | 0..1 | string | 唯一可識別ID，以供資料項目間相互參照。
extension |  | 0..* | Extension | Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension | ?!Σ | 0..* | Extension | Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code | S | 1..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 組成之檢驗檢查的型別（代碼／型別） Binding: LOINC生命體徵值集 (example): 代碼指明檢驗檢查的名稱；可參考生命體徵值集代碼表，但此代碼表只是針對這個欄位的一個可能值的示例，不預期也不鼓勵使用者一定要使用此代碼表的代碼。
value[x] | S Σ | 0..1 |  | 組成之檢驗檢查的實際結果 Binding: VitalSignsUnits (preferred): 用於記錄生命體徵的常用UCUM單元。；應填入VitalSignsUnits代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
valueQuantity |  |  | Quantity |
valueCodeableConcept |  |  | CodeableConcept |
valueString |  |  | string |
valueBoolean |  |  | boolean |
valueInteger |  |  | integer |
valueRange |  |  | Range |
valueRatio |  |  | Ratio |
valueSampledData |  |  | SampledData |
valueTime |  |  | time |
valueDateTime |  |  | dateTime |
valuePeriod |  |  | Period |
dataAbsentReason | S | 0..1 | CodeableConceptTW | 為什麼缺少組成之檢驗檢查結果 Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): 代碼指明為什麼結果（Observation.value[x]）缺少；應填入DataAbsentReason代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
interpretation |  | 0..* | CodeableConceptTW | 高、低、正常等。 Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): 用以指明檢驗檢查的解釋之代碼。應填入ObservationInterpretationCodes代碼表中適合的代碼，確定無適合的代碼才可以使用其他代碼中的代碼來表示。
referenceRange |  | 0..* | See referenceRange (Observation) | 解釋此組成之檢驗驗查的結果值之指引
Documentation for this format

#### Terminology Bindings

Path | Conformance | ValueSet | URI
Observation.language | preferred | CommonLanguages `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.partOf.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.status | required | ObservationStatus `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status|4.0.1` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.category | preferred | ObservationCategoryCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-category` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.code | example | TWVitalSigns `https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw`
Observation.subject.type | extensible | ResourceType `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/resource-types` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x] | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.value[x]:valueCodeableConcept.coding | required | RecurrenceStatus (a valid code from 復發狀態) `https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/ValueSet/RecurrenceStatus` from this IG
Observation.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.bodySite | example | SNOMEDCTBodyStructures `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.method | example | ObservationMethods `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.type | preferred | ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo | example | ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.code | example | TWVitalSigns `https://twcore.mohw.gov.tw/ig/twcore/ValueSet/vital-signs-tw`
Observation.component.value[x] | preferred | VitalSignsUnits `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/ucum-vitals-common` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | extensible | DataAbsentReason `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/data-absent-reason` from the FHIR Standard
Observation.component.interpretation | extensible | ObservationInterpretationCodes `http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation` from the FHIR Standard

#### Constraints

Id | Grade | Path(s) | Details | Requirements
dom-2 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty() |
dom-3 | error | Observation | If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty() |
dom-4 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty() |
dom-5 | error | Observation | If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty() |
dom-6 | best practice | Observation | A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists() |
ele-1 | error | **ALL** elements | All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()) |
ext-1 | error | **ALL** extensions | Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists() |
obs-3 | error | Observation.referenceRange | Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists() |
obs-6 | error | Observation | dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty() |
obs-7 | error | Observation | If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty() |

This structure is derived from TWCoreObservation

Summary

Mandatory: 9 elements(1 nested mandatory element)
Must-Support: 10 elements
Fixed: 2 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

- Procedure CASE-追蹤方式 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/ProcedureCASE)
- Patient TOTFA、TOTFB、LABD、LAM、CASE-病患基本資料 (https://www.ghd.tw/cdm-fhir/fhir/StructureDefinition/PatientCDM)

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

- The element 1 is sliced based on the value of Observation.value[x]

Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron